By Jim Farmer
jims-email@hotmail.com
8/30/2015
Edward
Hailey of South Carolina
Born in York County, Virginia
Edward Hailey, an early settler of South Carolina, may have
been born in York County, Virginia, about 1730 if his father was William Hayley.
In a York County 1703 will, John Hayley identified William as a mulatto boy of
eight who had been given to him by Major William Buckner. The boy was born according
to the will on December 1694. Through
his will, John Hayley assigned young William back into Major Buckner’s care. Additionally
per the will, Hayley stipulated that Buckner should educate young William and
bring him up within the Church of England. The only estate mentioned in the
will was 15 pounds sterling expressly assigned to pay for transportation of the
boy William when he would leave the colony at age 21.[1]
Much of John Hayley’s will was written to conform to the current
laws of colonial Virginia. One law required each owner to maintain birthdates
of all their servants. Another law stated: “it is hereby enacted, That no negro
or mulatto be after the end of this present session of assembly set free by any
person or persons whatsoever, unless such person or persons, their heires,
executors or administrators pay for the transportation of such negro or negroes
out of the countrey within six moneths after such setting them free…”[2] The conditions of John Hayley’s will allowed young William to reach
maturity before being legally manumitted but it is doubtful that William chose
to leave Virginia once he became twenty-one.
William Hayley’s upbringing under William Buckner most likely
continued in York County. At different times throughout his life, William Buckner
was Justice of the Peace, Burgess and Assemblyman for York.[3] Major William Buckner died
and left a will in York County on 1 May 1716.[4] At this time, William
Hayley would have been 23 years old and already free. Having such a powerful
patron presumably allowed him to continue residing in the colony. And it may
have allowed him to take a wife.
William’s wife and Edward Hailey’s mother may have been Mary
Hayley. She is mentioned in York County in 1727 when she was presented at court
for not listing herself as a person who should be taxed.[5] A law written only a few
years earlier in 1723 expanded the
definition of who was to be taxed as “tithables” in Virginia. It included,
besides all white males over age sixteen, all free negroes, mulattos, and
Indians (except tributary Indians) above age sixteen and their wives.[6] Previous to this law no white woman had ever been
taxed, even when she was head of the household. Now she would be taxed if she
was the wife of a man who was not white, even when he was a freedman. No doubt the
law was part of the reason some people chose to leave Virginia about this time
for other colonies with less restrictive laws.
No records place Edward himself in York County. Nor are
William or Mary Hayley found in the records after 1727. It is mainly through
Edward’s records later on that these two individuals found in York County appear
most likely to be his parents. In one case, Edward names one of his own sons Peter,
which suggests a connection to the freedman Peter Hailey found in the York
County Tax lists from 1783 to 1810. [7]
In another case, Edward is found later on living near the
Sweat and Gibson families in South Carolina. Both of these families had their roots
early on in and near York County.
Removing to South Carolina
According to South Carolina’s colonial records, by 1731 the family
of Gideon Gibson had removed to South Carolina. Gibson’s arrival and residency
in the colony was noted and permitted by the South Carolina’s governor, who
wrote “I have in consideration of his Wife [a]s being a white woman and several
White women Capable of working and being Serviceable in the Country permitted
him to Settle in this Country.[8] As to where Gibson first settled, it is not clear. A patent was
created for him on a waterway called Little Charros (today, possibly Cheraw Creek
Swamp, a tributary on the Pee Dee River that is in Georgetown County.)[9] But he never claimed the
patent once it was laid out and the land was later warranted to a man named John
Brown. Records later on place Gibson in the Welsh Tract not far away. Who the other individuals were that came
with Gibson is not stated in the records, but Robert Sweat and William
Graves are likely candidates. Both men held land near the Gideon patent about
1734 and both had family connections later on to Edward Hailey.[10]
There is little else found in the records about any of these
families until some ten years later, in 1747, when Gideon Gibson removed from
the Welsh Tract and entered another patent for land north of the Pee Dee on the
Little Pee River.[11] Robert Sweat also patented additional land.
His was on the Little Pee Dee. His patent was created in 1754 but it was further
away across the colony’s border up into Anson County, North Carolina. The colonial
border would change later adding this part of Anson County to South Carolina, so
presumably he or his family gave their name to Sweat Swamp, a tributary of the
Little Pee River now found in Dillon County, South Carolina.[12]
A critical incident for the non-white freeholders occurred
in 1754. John Scott, who was a "free Negro" living in Berkeley
County, South Carolina, sent an affidavit to the Orange County, North
Carolina, Court on 12 March 1754 explaining what happened to his daughter:
Carolina, Court on 12 March 1754 explaining what happened to his daughter:
“Joseph Deevit Wm. Deevit & Zachariah Martin, entered by force, the house of his daughter, Amy Hawley, and carried her off, by force, with her six children, and he thinks they are taking them north to sell as slaves.”[13]
Only one of Amy’s children was recovered. This event clearly
highlights the ongoing vulnerability of those members within the community of
freeholders who could be sold into slavery. Those most at risk were children.
By 1757, Edward Hailey himself can be found patenting land
just below the Little Pee Dee. He petitioned for and received a grant for 250
acres. James Graves had his own warrant certified on the same day as Edward
Hailey on land nearby, showing that they had it done together.[14] Edwards patent reads:
South Carolina Plats.[15]
-
South Carolina, Pursuant to a receipt from Egerton
Leigh, Esq. Surveyor General dated the 4th of January 1757, I have
admeasured unto Edward Hailey a tract of land containing two hundred and fifty
acres in Craven County on Smith Swamp on the SW side of Catfish Creek on Pee
Dee River Bounding on all sides upon vacant land And hath the such shape form
and measure as is represented in the above plat. Certified this 8th
of March 1757. Robert Edwards DS
-
(Deemed to contain 50 profitable acres.)
At this time in South Carolina, 50 acres was the amount of
land allocated to a patentee per each person living in the patentee’s household.
This would suggest that Edward had five people in his household. But the
comment attached to the plat at the end stating that only 50 acres was
profitable may have been included to explain that Edward was still a single man
and actually only due the single 50 acre allotment.
The description of his patent shows his plot crossing Smiths
Swamp, a branch of Catfish Creek and the Pee Dee River not far from the Little
Pee Dee River. According to the plat, the swamp ran through the middle of his land.
The creek today is close to the town of Marion in Marion County, South
Carolina.
The closest neighbor to Edward was John Smith, for whom the
creek was named. Smith had patented land there just the year before in 1756.[16] Edward’s purpose for his own land, since Smith
Swamp ran through the middle of it, was most likely to allow for the construction
of a mill, either a saw mill or a grist mill. As will be shown, he built
another one later on, so it is likely he did the same here. Also, as shown
later, about this time Edward had a son Joseph born to him and his wife.
Serving in the South Carolina Militia
Shortly after settling his young family on Smith’s Swamp,
Edward Hailey enlisted in the local militia to fight against the Cherokee
Nation threatening settlers in the western parts of the Carolinas and Virginia.
A muster roll includes his name. He was one of thirty-one men who went to fight
under the leadership of Captain Alexander McIntosh in the fall of 1759.[17]
All of the men on the muster would have been neighbors but
some would have been better known associates of Edward. Most likely were: Sergeant
James Graves, Sr., James Graves, Jr., John Graves and Thomas Sweat. Regarding Winslow
Driggers who was also listed on the roll, he could be included since Gideon
Gibson was the administrator of Mathew Driggers’ estate a few years later in
1765.[18] By proclamation of the government, the service
of the men under Captain McIntosh started in October and was to be completed on
January 1. Captain McIntosh signed the payroll on January 15th, 1760.
The payroll identified just how much each man was due at the end of their
service. Some of the men, while in service, had been supplied with “musquets,”
“ruggs,” or shoes, and this counted towards their pay. They must have all come with
their own bedrolls for no blankets were dispersed to the men.
Their service in the militia lasted the entire length of time
Governor Lyttleton needed to take an army into the backcountry to fight the
Cherokee. Edward’s platoon would have mustered in the Cheraw District and joined Lyttleton’s army in route. Lyttleton marched
1,100 men up the Cherokee Path to Fort Prince George, an English stronghold
only recently constructed within the lower towns of the Cherokee. They arrived at
the fort by December 1st but never did engage in any battle. However, as noted
on the payroll, on December 17th Sergeant James Graves, Sr., died,
most likely from small pox or some other disease endemic within the army.
Before Lyttleton left Charles Town, a delegation of fifty-five
Cherokee, including many headmen, had arrived in the town to meet with the
colonial government and sue for peace. Expecting to negotiate fairly with the
English, they instead were taken hostage and force-marched to Fort Prince
George under guard with the army.
Once there, twenty-two Cherokee headmen were kept confined
in the fort. By the first of January Lyttleton returned to Charles Town,
releasing the majority of his army to go home. He left behind a small force to secure
the hostages at the fort with the hope that the continued imprisonment of the
headmen would help hold the peace in the backcountry.
The peace did not last. A number of Cherokee warriors raided
the fort and killed the fort’s commander, driving the soldiers within the fort to
summarily put to death all of the Cherokee headmen being held hostage. The
killing of the Cherokee headmen escalated the war and increased the ferocity and
number of Indian attacks on the English settlements in the backcountry. Not
until almost a year later in November 1761, after British soldiers employed slash
and burn campaigns that destroyed the majority of the Cherokee Indian towns, did
the two sides sign a peace treaty.
Removing to North Carolina
After 1761, according to land patents, the Catfish Creek community
where Edward Hailey lived continued to grow and expand. The Gibsons, John Smith
and others patented more land there. Thomas Sweat, who had gone to fight the
Cherokee alongside Edward, acquired his own land on Catfish Creek.[19] In 1767 Gideon Gibson
memorialized at total of 462 acres on the Pee Dee.[20]
Edward Hailey, himself, stayed in the Catfish community for
10 years more, most likely operating a mill on his property. Afterwards, he moved
north to what was then part of Bladen County, North Carolina. His new location was
not far from his original homestead but it was across the border in North
Carolina. His relocation is confirmed through deeds, one showing him selling
his Catfish Creek land to neighbor Giles Powers and another showing him buying
property in Bladen County from James
Doyal.
23 & 24 Mar 1772. Lease and Release
-
Edward (his mark) Hailey, planter, of Bladen
Co., North Carolina, to Giles Powers, planter, of Prince George Parish, Craven
Co., South Carolina, for L200 currency, 250 a. in Craven Co., on Smiths Swamp,
on SW side of Catfish Creek, on Pee Dee River, bounded on all sides on vacant
land.
-
Witness John Gasque. Before John Alban, J.P.,
Recorded 20 Oct 1772 by Henry Rogeley, Register.
Bladen County, North Carolina Deed.[22]
-
James Doyal of Bladen Co., planter for L20 proc.
Money to Edward Hailey of same…land on Ashpole Swamp, on branch of Lanes
beaverdam, granted to Isaac Odam, 1 Sept. 1759 & conveyance from sd. Odam
to above Doyal 19 July 1765…20 Feb 1767. James Doyal (seal). Wit. John Dundar
(B), Archd. McKissack. May Court 1771. Proved by McKissack. Maturin Colvill.
His new location above the Little Pee Dee and below Ashepole Swamp became
known as Haileys Mill Swamp. Neighboring land owners, Guthridge Locklear, Ishmael
Cheves, and John Cade, all referred to it by this name in their own land grants.[23] The
location today is best described in an Alford family newsletter listing
property the Alfords owned later on: “…land on Haley's Mill Swamp, including [Alford’s]
mill site…was in the immediate vicinity of what was later known as Pleasant
Grove Baptist Church, and known in later years as McLeod's Mill.”[24] As a further reference for the location,
an 1884 map of Robeson County shows Pleasant Grove Church lying south of
Ashepole Swamp.[25]
As expected, tax lists of 1774 also show Edward Hailey living
in Bladen County, North Carolina. Also on the tax list is Guthridge Locklear two
households away. This helps confirm Edward’s location. Both Edward and Locklear
were listed as white tithables. Edward was listed as “Edward & son” with
two polls, implying that one of his sons, presumably Joseph, was then over 16
and born before 1758.[26]
Activity in the Revolution
In the coming years no records show us what was happening within
the Hailey family, but it is possible that Edward again joined the militia to fight
the Cherokee. In 1776 the Second Cherokee War began and troops from North
Carolina and South Carolina were enlisted to fight the Indians in the heart of
the Cherokee Nation in northern Georgia. The conflict between soldiers and the
Cherokee lasted a year, although this time the Cherokee were fighting for the
British and against the colonists.[27] This was also the start of the American
Revolution. The Revolution, of course, lasted much longer.
As the Revolution progressed, many of the men living in the
area where the Hailey’s lived would have fought under Thomas Sumter, the South
Carolina general. Throughout the war, he would draw recruits from the Pee Dee
River community. Later on, records suggest that Edward Hailey or his sons were among
Sumter’s troops.
In fact, one Revolutionary War battle was fought in 1780 not
far from the Haileys on nearby Bear Creek, located between Drowning Creek and
the Little Pee Dee River now in Dillon County, South Carolina.[28] The militia on the
American side included local men fighting under Colonel Thomas Brown of the
Bladen County North Carolina Regiment.
Ironically, while the Revolution was being fought to bring
liberty to the colonists, those people of mixed ancestry still strived to fight
a different battle to preserve their families’ freedom. As an example, on April
10, 1778, the following ad was placed in the “North Carolina Gazette of New
Bern” by Johnson Driggers:
"On Saturday night, April the 4th, broke into the house of the subscriber at the head of Green's Creek, where I had some small property under the care of Ann Driggers, a free negro woman, two men in disguise, with marks on their faces and clubs in their hands, beat and wounded her terribly and carried away four of her children, three girls and a boy, the biggest of said girls got off in the dark and made her escape, one of the girls name is Becca, and other is Charita, the boy is named Shadrack..."[29]
"On Saturday night, April the 4th, broke into the house of the subscriber at the head of Green's Creek, where I had some small property under the care of Ann Driggers, a free negro woman, two men in disguise, with marks on their faces and clubs in their hands, beat and wounded her terribly and carried away four of her children, three girls and a boy, the biggest of said girls got off in the dark and made her escape, one of the girls name is Becca, and other is Charita, the boy is named Shadrack..."[29]
Sons in the New United States
Sometime before 1790, Edward Hailey died. He is not found in
the first United States census; only his sons are. While his wife and daughters’
names remain unknown, three sons have been determined as his:
1.
Joseph Hailey
2.
Edward Hailey
3.
Peter Hailey
Shortly after the creation of the United States of America, in
1790 Edward’s son Joseph “Hayle” was still found living in the same place as
his father. He is listed in the “First 1790 United States Census” as a
head-of-household in Robeson County, North Carolina. Robeson County had just been
created from Bladen County three years earlier. Joseph is found listed in the
census alongside William Bennett.[30] Since Bennett held land
on Ashepole Swamp, it is most likely
that Joseph was still living on his father’s land near Ashepole Swamp. As the
oldest son, by the law of primogeniture, Joseph would have been the one to inherit
the home place.
With regards to Edward Hailey’s son Edward, by 1790 he himself
had removed to South Carolina’s Clarendon County.[31] (Later this county would
be included in a larger Sumter District. Then by 1855 the lower half of the
district would again be called Clarendon while the upper half retained the name
Sumter.) A number of patents on Black River Swamp, starting in 1784, mention
Edward Hailey as a neighboring land owner.[32] In one case General
Thomas Sumter is also listed on the patent.[33] The patent of James Rowe,
that mentions Edward, includes the most specific landmark: Juneburn Branch. (Today
this is located about 4 miles east of Manning.)
[34] Note too, James Rowe’s father or namesake had
Gideon Gibson administer his estate on July 13 1755. [35] The younger Edward is again
found in the “1800 Sumter District Census” but the page is the annotated with
the label “Clarendon County” as well.[36]
Edward’s son Peter is also found later in South Carolina. In
the “1800 Sumter District Census,” his name is found next to his brother
Edward, although it is barely discernable. A torn crease has left readable only
the capital letters “P” and “H.” Unlike his brother, his acquisition of 200
acres of land patented in 1786 in Camden District remains in the records. His
land was patented at “Bare Bluff” which is referred to in Edward Plowden’s
patent but as “Bear Bluff Branch” on the Black River. In both patents Thomas
Sumter’s name was included suggesting him to be a neighbor to Peter as well.[37] Peter Hailey left a will
in Sumter County recorded August 14th, 1807 that mentions his wife
Mary and young children, Esther, Mary and Timothy Peter Ridgeway Hailey.[38]
Joseph Hailey would eventually follow his brothers to South
Carolina. But he left behind one more record in Robeson County, North Carolina.
He acquired 100 acres of land in 1794 between Hog Swamp and Indian Swamp, both
swamps being located just above Ashepole Swamp.[39] Then, by 1810, he is
listed in the Sumter District census.[40]
The history of Edward Hailey’s son Joseph is much better
known than his father’s or his brothers, but it is recorded under a different surname:
Benenhaley. Once he had settled in South Carolina, Joseph used the name Benenhaley
to help maintain an identity with the Turkish or Ottoman Empire. His purpose
was simple—to protect his family from being enslaved.
One of the first treaties entered into by the newly created
Unites States was with the Barbary nations. First was with Morocco. As a
consequence, South Carolina legislature enacted The Moors Sundry Act of 1790. The
resolution offered the opinion that those citizens of Morocco living in South
Carolina were not subject to laws governing free blacks and slaves within the
state. This was used by free Moors living in South Carolina to protect their
family and placed them under the protection of white legal system. (This was
later annulled.)
The Barbary Treaties also included treaties for Algiers,
Tunis, and Tripoli, all part of the Ottoman Empire.. These were signed with the
US in 1794, 1796, 1797. Ottoman slave trade was strongly connected to the
Barbary Pirates and the treaties were initiated to protect American ships and
their personnel from attack. No doubt, one of these additional treaties was the
basis for Joseph Benenhaley to advance his own family’s protection from South
Carolina’s highly restrictive laws based on race, regardless of being free or
not. The Benenhaley name is first found in the 1810 Census, but no record has
been found to show that any protection was acquired legally for the family. Eventually,
though, the family of Joseph Hailey was able to have their own school under their
identity as Turks of Sumter County.
Another tradition tied to Joseph is his connection to
General Thomas Sumter. Land records clearly show the Hailey’s receiving land
adjoining Sumter’s own patents. The family’s first connection with Sumter may
have been very early on. When Edward Hailey was first among those men fighting
in the back woods against the Cherokee, Thomas Sumter was there representing
Virginia. At the end of the war in 1761, Sumter went himself throughout the
Cherokee nation explaining the terms of the treaty.<41>[41] Then, at the outset of
the Cherokee War in 1776, Sumter was part of the South Carolina army that went
to fight in Georgia. Could Edward Hailey have been drawn into the Cherokee War
and been with him? Or could Edward and his sons have fought under Sumter in the
many raids Sumter led at the end of the Revolution? All three sons were old
enough to have served by then. When Peter received his land as a patent from
the newly created state, it is unclear how he received it. And it is not known
how the other two brothers received their land after the war. Records that
could help with this have not been found. But there is a later record for
Edward that also links the family to Sumter. On November 14th, 1793, Isaac David bought from
Thomas Sumter 300 acres in Clarendon County in the fork of the Black River on
Crow Bay and then deeded this land to the younger Edward Hailey.[42]
Edward Hailey was, no doubt, a very brave, industrious man—a
real hero. He went off to fight against the threatening Cherokee to protect the
nascent colony at least once. And twice he built a home and mill for his family
out of the virgin woods and swamps. Then, with the call to arms for the
Revolutionary war, there is no doubt either he or his sons followed Sumter to
battle.
In another way, Joseph Benenhaley too was a hero. He would need
to go to court to protect and secure his own family’s freedom from the state
that he had once fought to preserve. He and those like him were successful in
establishing their identity as the Turks of Sumter County. Others have proudly
told his history before, but it is clear where he learned how to be a hero. He
got it from his father.
jims-email@hotmail.com
8/30/2015
[1]
Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the
Colonial Period to about 1820, Vol 1, Paul Heinegg, Genealogical Publishing
Co., 2005, [Hailey Family], p 582
[2]
The Statutes at Large, Hening, ed.,
vol. 3, [April 1691-ACT XVI],
pp. 86-88. http://www.virtualjamestown.org/laws1.html#44.
[3]
The Buckners of Virginia and the allied families of Strother and Ashby New
York, William Armstrong Crozier,
Genealogical Association, 1907; p. 25.
[4]
Tyler's Quarterly Historical and
Genealogical Magazine, Volumes 1-2, Lyon Gardiner Tyler, Editor, Whittet &
Shepperson, 1920, p 272.
[5]
Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the
Colonial Period to about 1820, Vol 1, op. cit., [Hailey Family], p 582
[7]
York County Personal Property Tax List 1782-1825, Library of Virginia microfilm
reel 353; also see Heinegg, op. cit., Hailey Family.
[8]
Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the
Colonial Period to about 1820, Vol 1, op. cit., [Gibson Family], p 528.
[9]
South Carolina Land
Grants Online Database, Series: S213197, Box: 0002, Item: 00443
[10] Ibid., 1) Series: S213184, Volume: 0003, Page: 00333; 2) Series: S213184, Volume: 0004, Page: 00001, Item:
02
[11]
Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Journals, Brent Holcomb, Vol.
I:1734-1748, SCMAR, Columbia, pp 262, 266, 297.
[12]
North Carolina Land Grant Images and Data, State Archives of North
Carolina, http://www.nclandgrants.com/;
“Sweat, Robert”, File no.: 1271, MARS: 12.14.27.1259, County: Anson Issued:
23 Dec 1754, Book: 13 pg: 66
[13]
Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the
Colonial Period to about 1820, Vol 1; op. cit., [Hailey Family], p 582
[14]
South Carolina Land
Grants Online Database Series: S213184, Volume: 0006, Page: 00237, Item: 02).
[15]
Ibid., Series:
S213184, Volume: 0006, Page: 00237, Item: 03.
[16]
Ibid., Series: S213184, Volume: 0006, Page: 00209, Item:
04
[17]
South Carolina
Department of Archives- Muster Roll, Capt. McIntosh's Co., Expedition to Fort
Prince George. (Copy on file at the Darlington County Historical Commission.)
[18]
Probate Records of South Carolina, Vol. 3. “Journal of the Court of the
Ordinary 1764-1771”, Brent Holcomb, Southern Historical Press, Greenville, p
16.
[19]
South Carolina Land
Grants Online Database, Series:
S213184, Volume: 0021. Page: 00229, Item: 01
[20]
Ibid., Series: S111001, Volume: 0009, Page: 00270, Item: 003.
[21]
South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772, Vol. IV, abstracted by Clara A.
Langley (p 242)
Book 2-3, pp. 148-151.
[22]
Bladen Count, North Carolina Abstracts of Early Deeds 1738-1804, Brent Holcomb,
Southern Historical Press, Inc., 1979, pp. 162-163.
[23]
North Carolina Land Grant Images and Data, State Archives of North
Carolina, http://www.nclandgrants.com/
[24]
Alford Association News Letter, Vol. 8080,
http://www.alfordassociation.org/ACTION/aact8058.pdf
[26]
Bladen
County, North Carolina Tax Lists 1768-1774, William Byrd, III, 1998, p 130.
[27]
The Rutherford Expedition, North Carolina Digital History, http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/nchist-revolution/4300.
[28]
Revolutionary
War Pension application of William Easterling, Reference: R14028 fn23NC.
[29]
Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the
Colonial Period to about 1820, Vol 1, op. cit., p 435. [NC Gazette of New Bern,
I:65-66]
[31]
South Carolina Land
Grants Online Database Series:, Series: M637; Roll:
11; Page: 207; Image: 134.
[32]
Ibid., 1) Series: S213190, Volume: 0015, Page: 00218, Item: 000. 2) Series:
S213190, Volume: 0014, Page: 00145, Item: 001.
[33]
Ibid., Series: S213190, Volume: 0013, Page: 00057, Item: 001, Date: 1/17/1786,
Description: Hodge, James, Plat for 25 acres on Black River Swamp, Names
indexed: Haley, E.; Sumter, Thomas.
[34]
Ibid., Series: S213190, Volume: 0004, Page: 00420, Item: 000, Date: 7/9/1785,
Description: Roe, James, Plat for 200 acres on Juneburn Branch, Names indexed: Hailey, Edward; Hodges,
James; Roe, James.
[35]
Probate Records of South Carolina, Vol. 3. “Journal of the Court of the
Ordinary 1764-1771”, Brent Holcomb, Southern Historical Press, Greenville, p
16.
[36]
1800 US Census for Clarendon, Sumter District, South Carolina;
Series: M32; Roll: 49; page 600.
[37]
South Carolina Land
Grants Online Database: 1) Series: S213190, Volume: 0009, Page: 00529,
Item: 002, Date: 1/12/1786; 2) Series: S213190, Volume: 0022, Page: 00074,
Item: 000
[38]
1) Sumter County Ordinary Will Book A
Pg. 104; 2) South Carolina Land Grants Online Database: Series: S108093, Reel:
0025, Frame: 00263, Item: 000
[39]
North Carolina Land Grant Images and Data, State Archives of North Carolina:
Joseph Haills Issued:
30 Jun 1797, Book: 93 pg: 129, Grant
no.: 1722, Entered: 08 Feb 1794M Entry no.: 209
[41]
“Thomas Sumter”, Wikipedia, accessed 6/10/2015. See Timberlake Expedition.
[42]
Sumter
Co., South Carolina Conveyances, Book BB, p 2.
